Australia's electricity landscape could change significantly in the future through the use of solar and devices such as smart air conditioners, according to a new report from the Future Grid Forum.
The report is an analysis of Australia's potential electricity pathways to 2050 and looks at a range of opportunities by presenting four scenarios for the national electricity system.
CSIRO Energy Flagship chief economist, Paul Graham, said higher electricity prices and the strong adoption of roof-top solar panels has changed the industry's view of what is plausible in the future.
"All of the choices in the Future Grid Forum scenarios have consequences for the price of electricity, something that has significantly impacted consumers in recent years with the average household electricity price increasing by two-thirds between 2007 and 2012," Graham said.
"Electricity will not get cheaper in the coming decades, but bills can be reduced through the adoption of energy efficiency, peak demand management and on-site generation.
"These steps, in combination with general wages growth, means the share of income average households spend on electricity is projected to be similar - shifting marginally from 2.5 per cent in 2013 to between 2.3 and 2.9 per cent in 2050 depending on the scenario."
The Forum also projected that technology will allow more sophisticated ways of managing household demand during peak times through the introduction of devices such as smart air conditioners and in-home storage systems.
"Better strategies for peak demand management could save two cents per kilowatt hour or $1.4 billion per annum on distribution costs for households," Graham said.
In the future users will take greater control of how they consume and produce electricity.
"This proactive shift could potentially influence the business model for the electricity sector, encouraging the emergence of new services to supply an individually tailored product - not dissimilar to the telecommunications industry shift from a one-size-fits-all landline telephone system to a wide variety of mobile and associated data and entertainment services," Graham said.
"One of the Forum's scenarios looks at the option for around a third of consumers to disconnect from the electricity grid through the use of on-site generation using technologies like rooftop solar panels and battery storage; and this is projected to be economically viable from around 2030 to 2040.
"Under the full range of scenarios Australia could see on-site generation grow from the current figure of 8 per cent to reach between 18 and 45 per cent of total generation by 2050, but mostly while staying connected and using the grid as an electricity trading platform," he said.
The Future Grid Forum report is available for download from the CSIRO web site.
